Brake



Sept. 9, 1952 R. F. SMITH BRAKE 2 SHEETS--SHEET 1 Filed Oct. 26, 1948INVENTOR. gale); [dwarf/Z.

Hammad/J HM P 1952 R. F. SMITH 2,609,892

BRAKE Filed 00"). 26, 1948 SHEETS-SHEET 2 HM M HM T ate'nted Sept. 9,1952 BRAKE H Robert F. Smith, Detroit, Mich., assignor to ChryslerCorporation, Highland Park, Mich., a corporation of Delaware ApplicationOctober 26, 948, Serial Nb. 56,555

12 Claims. v i 1 .This invention relates to friction brake assemblies ofthe type havin pivotally mounted, link supported, self adjusting'brakeshoes which are adapted to be spread into engagement with the flangeportion of an encircling, rotatable, brake drum.

It is a primary object of. this invention to pro-.

vide an improved and simplified form of brake assembly composedprimarily of stamped elements which are arranged in such a manner that lthe brake shoe actuating mechanism is balanced and lree fromtorsionalloads or turning moments which might cause tilting or cocking of thebrake shoes and loss of pedal travel during application ofthebrakes. H lan i It is; a further objectof this invention to provide a brakeassembly in which thecomplete shoe actuating mechanism is mo un ted on asingle supporting member whichmember is centrally arranged and alignedwith the webs of th brake. shoes and with the actuating means for theshoes.

It is an additional object of this invention to provide a brake assemblyin which the majority of the elements have been simplified in design sothatthey may be formed from stampings thereby making the brake assemblyunit economical to manufacture and install yet highly eflicient as tobraking action, and extremely durable in service. It isanadditicnalxobject of this invention to provide a multi-shoe brakeassembly in which the several shoes and the actuating linkages thereforeare identical in design and readily interchangeable. r H

' It is a further object of this invention to provide abrake assembly inwhich the spider mem ber supports the complete shoe actuating mechanism,the construction being such that separate brake shoe anchor bolts are nolonger required. V q ltisanother object .of this invention to provide anadjusting means for setting the clearance between the brake shoes and.the brake drumwhich means is centrally located with respectto, and

aligned with the brake shoe webs so as to prevent the development oftorsional loads or turning moments that would tend to cock the brakeshoes.

;It is another object of this invention to provide a brake assembly inwhich the movable brake shoes are positively guided during all movementand retained in their most efiioient braking position during brakeapplication.

Additional objects and advantages of this invention will be apparentfrom a reading of the attachedspecification and a consideration of therelated drawingswherein:

i Fig. 1 is aside elevation of a brake "assembly embodying thisinvention, with parts being broken away and shown in sectionalelevation;

Fig.2 is a sectional elevation taken along the line 2--2 "of Fig. 1clearly disclosing the brake assembly supporting means; Q A

Fig 3 is a sectional elevation taken along the line 3-3 of Fig (1disclosing the eccentric cam means for adjustingthe 'clearancebetweenthe brake shoes and brake drum; v b e e Fig. 41s a sectional elevationtaken along the "line 4 -4 of Fig. l disclosing the pin connectionbetween a pair of the guide plates 'andthe webbi' the brake shoepositioned between the guide plates; e

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation takenalong the line 5-5 of Fig.ldi'scloslng the friction pivot connection between'a brake shoe pivotlinkL and the web of the associated brake shoe;

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation takenalongthe line 5+6 of Fig. l'disclosing the pin means for anchoring the brake shoe return springs intheir tensioned, assembled positions; and Fig. '7 is a diagrammatic viewshowing a proposed application of the applicant's brake assembly to aconventional motor vehicle brake system. l

Referringto the drawings in detail, the brake assembly embodying myinvention includes'an annular brake drum H] which is adapted to besecured to a rotatable member to be braked; such as the-road wheelofamotor vehicle; The numeral l2 designates a plate for enclosingthe openside of the drum I0, plate 12 being adapted to be mounted on arelatively fixed supportingfmember I3, such as the rear aXle housingorthefront steering knuckle of a vehicle chassis, depending on whetherthe brake assembly isfor a rear or front vehicle wheel. Plate l2 inthis-construction serves only as: a dust cover for the brake assemblydue to the fact that the spider memberl4,

supporting the brake actuating mechanism designed to function as thetorque plate to resist the brake reaction brake drum.

between the brake shoesi a'nd The. complete brake actuating me hanismfor each wheel assembly is mounted on the spider member M which isparallel with and disposed between the web of the'drum I ll and theplate l2. Spider l l extends in a plane normal to theaxially extendingbraking surface I l of drum l0. 'Spi- 'der I4 is adapted to be securedto the-relatively fixed'supporting member l3 by the nut and bolt means24. By such an arrangement the complete brake actuating mechanism may beassembledon receive the pivot links 3|] and other associated mechanism.

Pin means 4|, see Fig. 4, extending through aligned slots 44 in theguide plates 35 and 36, and through an aperture 42 in the web of thebrake shoe, retains the shoe l5, pivot link 30, guide plates 35 and 36and spider M in assembled condition-and facilitates handling of thespider 'sup'por'ted'brakeactua'tingmechanism as a packaged unit. Wireclip 43 looks the pin 4| in assembled position.

to the spider member M by the pivoted link 30 s and by the fluidactuating motor 26 respectively. As the actuating mechanism for each ofthe brake shoes is identical, onlythat for 'shoe'l 5 will be described.Brake shoe l5 has its web portion I! at th upper or toe end connected toa plunger that is actuated by the movable piston 52 of fluid motor 26.Fluid motor 26 is th so-called wheel cylinder of a conventionalhydraulic brake -system; Motor '26 comprises a cylinder 5| having-slidably mounted therein the piston 52.

Piston 52 is formed with a concave seat 53 adapted to "engagether'ounded end 25 of plunger 25. Re-

silient seal 54 is mounted on the face ofpiston 52 to prevent leakage ofthe ressure fluid between against the piston face. Ports 51 providebleed holes for the hydraulic system. Motor 2t is imounted'in anL-shaped seat 27 in the edge of fspide ['4 and is securedin thisposition 'by the bolt 38 which connects the car 50 of motor 26 to w theadjacent portion of spider 4. The closed end 58 of the motor cylinder 5|abuts against an edge ."portion'of'seat 21 which provides a rigid anchor"to take the brake reaction transmitted to the motor 16 from the shoeI5. Motor 26 is mounted on ft'he spider member 14in such a inanner thatthe {central portion of plunger '25'lies' in the same plane as th spiderMand'the web ll of shoe l5 therefore application of the brakes causesplunger 25' to exert a direct thrust against the centrally disposed webI! of 'the shoe l5 and this prevents the development of torsional loadsor turning moments which might have a tendency to tilt or 5 book thebrake shoe. 7 e v The web I! of shoe [5, at the heel or lower end,formed with arounded projection 28 thatis ,adapted to seat in. theconcavely shaped end 29 of the pivot link 30,. Link 30 extends in thesame .plan e-as the web ll of shoe |5 andhas'its opposite endformed witha concavely shaped seat 3| adapted to be mounted on a rounded projection32 extending from an edge of spider member l4. 'TThecurved bearing seatsbetween the shoe web the pivoted link 30 and the spider |4 permitrelative pivotal movement between these engaged elements. It will benoted that this construction i eliminates separate anchor bolts for thebrake shoes and materially simplifies the brake assembly.

Mounted on each side of the web I! "and'link 30 areapair oi guide plates35, 36 which main- ;tain; the brake shoe I5; link 30 and spider M 'inaligned, assembled, condition.

Guide .plates 35; and 36 are secured in position by the bolt andqnutmeans 24 which mounts the spider on the supporting member [3, andbythe bolt means 38 which mount the fluid motors 26 on th'e spider L14.Quide plates 35 and 36 extend beyond the peripheryof the spider so as toform channels .;around, the side edges of the-spider member to Thisbrake assembly includes a simple, economically manufactured andassembled means --for adjusting the clearance between the lined *thepiston an d'cylinder walls. Pressure fluid is V admitted'tothe cylinder5| through'the port 55. "Spring means '56 normally urges the seal 54means comprises the concavelyarched spring flangesfof thefbrake shoesand the brake drum. This means "comprises an eccentric adjusting means"60 (see Fig. 3) which consists of a square shank stud 6| insertablethrough an opening 62 'in'the dust plate l2 and through aligned openings63 in the uide plates 35 and 36. The square portion -66 of-the stud 6|loc'ated' betweeriWhe 'guide 'plates 35'and 36, has an eccentric cam'65fixedly mounted thereon. The side edge-of cam 651s adapted t'o'en'gagean edge portion fil of the brake shoe web portion in provide "for camadjusting me'ansi's' provided.

- A novel'means 'hasbeen provided for retracting the brake -'shoes todisengaged position. This strip 1| "which has depressed seats l2 and =13at each end'thereof. Seat -12 ismounted-on a projecting finger extendingfrom the web 11 0i projecting finger 15 extending from'a side'edge of.spider l4." 'After seatingthespringstrip H on the flngers'|4 and'75-thestrip'1-| is bentinwardly towards the 'spiderll until the aligned holes'82 (see Fig. 6) intheguideplates 35 and 36 will permit the pin 3| to beinserted therethrough so as to lockthe strip H m a tensio'ned,

assembled, position. With the spring strip H assembledas shown it is"obvious" that *on applicaoutwardly and this will bendstrip 1| ever-plum,

tionof the brakes thebrakeshoe willbe-fo 'red thestrip 1| "functioning"as a cantilever bear'n' at this time. Release of the braking pressure"will permit the stressed spring strip 1| to retractthe extended brakeshoe 'andholdthe sho'e'in itsdisengaged position. To facilitate assemblyof "the spring strips 1 I applicant forms the guide plates 35 and36wi'th 'alignedholes8 4i- A-flat'rigid bar,

such as the bar indicated by'num'er'al 85 (see 'tion While: the pin 8|is being 'mOlIHted -in the holes 82 in the guide plates 35' and 36. FromFig. 6 it will be noted thatthe pin 8| has shoulder portions 83 ateachend which eng'age' the outer sides of the guide plates 35 and-3'6so asto prevent the guide'pl'ates 'from separating.

- The pivotally -mounted link-auzsupporting the heel end of the brakesho provides 'a'self ener- .gizing, self-aligning, brake shoeconstruction that secures maximum braking efficiency. with minimumpedalpressure. To insure that .thetbrake .shoe will normally pivot about theanchor pivot seat 32, rather than about the pivot seat;29,and to Jproperly guide the movement of :the' brake shoe,. the spring-pressedguide means 90 is provided between the web of the brake shoe and theassociatedlink 30. V This means 90 (see Fig.

for guidingthe movement of. the brake shoe and restraining relativepivotal movement between the brake shoe andpivot 1ink,comprises a pairof friction plates 9| positioned againstopposite sides ofthebrake shoeweb portionand the associated pivot link. Plates 9! are formed. withaligned apertures 92 through whicha' bolt 93 extends. Mounted on bolt 93is a spring 94 which may be placed under compression by the nut andwasher-means 95 mounted onthethreaded end of bolt '93. Compression ofspring 94 presses the plates 9| against the sides of the brake shoe webportion I! and against the sidesof the pivot link 30 and therebyfrictionally restrains. relative movement between these members. Link'30 is formed with an aperture 96 in which depressed portions 97 ofplates 9| are adapted to seat. The .seatingof portions 91 in theaperture 96 provides a pivot point about which the plates 9| may turn inthe event conditions are such as to necessitate relative pivotalmovement of the brake shoe with respect to the pivot link 30. The.po1tions'9691 also prevent movement of the plates 9| along the link 30and therebyretain the shoes and links in assembled position. It will benoted that the means 90 not only serves the dual function of 'loers mayvary to obtain the most effective frictional engagement between the shoeflange and the brake drum without the occurrence of undesired rotationof the pivot links 3|]. This principle is explained in detail in the U.S. patent to L. C.'Huck, No. 1,886,811.

Fig. 7 diagrammatically shows theapplication of thisbrake shoe assemblyto a conventional motorvehicle hydraulic brake system. The front wheelassemblies 96 and 91 are identical to the brake assembly shown inFig. 1. The rear wheel assemblies 98 and 99 are identical to the frontwheel assemblies except for the fact that a Single,

double piston, wheel cylinder is used to actuate the brake shoe linkagesinstead of the two single piston wheel cylinders used in- ,the frontwheel assemblies. With the arrangement herein shown six self-energizing,self-adjusting brake shoes are available for braking during forwarddrive of the vehicle and on reverse drive two self-energizing,

self-adjusting brake shoes are available for braking action. ,By thisarrangement the majority of the braking action, which occurs during.forward drive, is evenly spread over six self-energizing, self-adjustingshoes and accordingly the braking effect is improvedand the wear of theshoe linings kept to a minimum. In both the front and rear ,wheel brakeassemblies the sametype of brake shoes andsupporting linkages are usedtherefore all shoes are. interchangeable and this;

shoe relative to the pivot link.

facilitates manufacture "and iassemblyi of the 'brakewassemblies.

detachability of the complete brake shoe actuating mechanism, and freeof torsional loads or turning moments that would tend to cock the brakeshoes and create unnecessary stresses and strains in the brake assembly.

I, claim:

p1. In a brake, a rotatable brake drum having an axially extendingbrakingsurface, a fixed sup.- port, a spider member mounted onsaid=support so as to extend in a plane normal to the braking surface ofsaid drum, a brake shoe having a lined flange portion adapted to befrictionally engaged with :the braking surface of said drum and a singleweb portion normal to and positioned centrally of the width of saidflange portion, said web portion extending in the plane of said spidermember, guide plates mounted .on said spider and positioned to extendalong and embrace the side surfaces of said spider and said brake shoeweb portion toguidingly retain said spider and brake shoe web portion inaligned relationship, a pivot link positioned between and guidinglyembraced by said guide plates, said pivot link being pivotally connectedbetween one end of the brake shoe web portion and said spider, and brakeshoe actuating means mounted on said spider and connected to the otherend of said brake shoe, said actuating means being arranged to applybraking force to said shoe in the plane of said spider and shoe web. 3,

2. A brake-as defined by claim 1 wherein the side edges ofthe brake shoeweb portion and the spider are formed with pivot seat portionsengageable with complementary seat portions formed on the end edges ofthe pivot link so as to provide mating journal means for accommodatingrelative pivotal movement between the the side surfaces of andconnecting the brake shoe web portion and the pivot link to restrainrelativemovement between the shoe and link, said frictionally engagedmeans also providing means for guiding the movement of the brake 4. Abrake as defined by claim 1 including brake shoe retracting meanscomprising a resillent member mounted between the guide plates andconnected between the brake shoe and the spider.

5 A brake as defined by claim 1 including an adJusting means for settingthe clearance between the brake shoe flange and the brake drum brak ngsurface when the shoe is in. a retracted position, comprising a cammember adjustably mounted between the guide plates having portionsadapted to engage the side edge of the brake shoe web portion locatedbetween said guide plates.

pivot link and guide plates in assembled condition on the spider.

7. A brake as defined by claim 1 wherein the brake shoe actuating "meanscomprisesa "fluid i 'diiotor; mounted :inuassseatg-formedgin .thezsnidermember and provided with aizmovablerrplmiger connected; :to: athee web.zof; ctheaabrake shoesisaid plunger providing it azthrustitransmittingi'member ,zthatsextendsrimthe,planezof:theispidemand:brake vshoe's web portion.

1:18. :In atbraikezassembly, azrotatable adrum having anisaxia'lly,extending;:brakingssurilace; a

support; arspiderxmember detachablyizeon-nected tozsaidi supportsand1extending in: alzplanemormal 110 :toithe'zbrakingrrsurfaca.eof saiddrum; aiqlfiil'fZOf diametrically arranged'nbrake 1 shoe .;actuatingmotors mounted in indented seats inizthe'x side .edges' i of :said.uspideremember; movable plunger members carried-ibysaidzzmotors:ihaving'azthrust :tremsmitting :portions :extendingzrina-the ;plane :of :saide:spider, ;ear pairs :ofo'..adiametrioa'llyiiarranged jzbraketshoesaeaohrhaving ;a fiangesportion adapted ate-doe:frictionallycengaged withi :the. ibrakinga sursfaceiofisaid drum :and.a-'web portion extending 320 normal .ltOJaIld positionedfeentra'llyoo'f lithe width iofz'saidzzflange:portionpmeans:conneotingthe.aveb portion at ;one.:.end ;ofeachvshoestodone :of :the :thrust :transmitting jipOItiOIlS "of asaid:iplunger zmembers;:links:arranged.zinttherzplane;of5..the shoe 525 webportions :and ;the-.spider: .conneo-tednbetween the web :portionuatfithezotherzend ofoeach shoe .and; the" spider-member, guide; iplatesmounted: on .the. gopposite side :surf aces zof :saidgspider memberembracing and extending alongthez-sideasurfaces 330 of: said. links and:said ibrakershoe" webmportions .ato-mai-nta-in said spider,i-links-andr-shoewvehrpor- .tions. in;.agli gned relationship;rresilientmeans :mounted between :said guide 11313117185 4randgcohneoted-betweenasaid spiderand-J each of-,-said:shoe

the shoesandilinks and guidihgly control-wela- .tive movementtherebetween.

i. 9.. In a brake assembly, arotatable brakedrum having an axially.extendingebrakingz'surface,a support, a spider vmemberdetachablyconnected to said support and extending-in -a-A -plane,-normal to. -thebraking surface zoflsaiddrum, a: pair. of vdiametrically earranged,brake .shoe -.actuati ng .m'otors ,mounted .in i-shaped seats 1 in -theside edges of saidspider member, movableae-plunger members carriedrbyisaid motors i rhaving thrust transmitting elements extendingrintheeplane f 'said spider, a pairiof Ldiametrically,arranged brake shoeseachhaving aevfiange-lpor-tionadapted to hewfrictionally. engaged.withthebraking ,surface 'of .saiddrum and asingle. web portion t-zexwtendingsnormal .towand positioned .centrallyof naidflange ,poritionmeans .oonneeting the =-web portion at one end of each shoe toone-ofathe thrust transmitting elements of said, .-r plunger members, a.link .pivotally conneetedrbetmeena the opposite side surfaces ofsaid-,-spider-member;and

extending along and -.embracingi ,thez side-surfaces -oisaid links and,.saidbr'ake shoe webtportions; 565 rand zparallelnt Said zplatev,mefimers; I pair.

maintain .said spider, flinksandshoe webs-portions in'alignedrelationship, resilient means mounted between .said guide -=platesandrconneeted between ,said; spidenand each-ref said shoeswebeportions'8 having lportions zadapterbtezzengag'e.theiside-zedgesofixthe:vshoea'web: portions :xto providenmeansz forasettingctheielearance between 'thexbrak-ing-a surufac'es rofirsaid.:s'hoes nndasaid. -drum when :said .ishoesrareeretraeted.

i0; Irr a':.;brake, assembly, a. rotatable brake -drum..;ha.vingesanaxially :extending :braking usur- ;-face;;a:support, aspider :memberdetachablyeon- .nected. to: @said' support, a.;pair..of.;.spaced.-a-part iplatermembers proj.eetingrgfrom;zthe periphery ;ofisaid'cspidersmember and ;arranged ;to extendain a "plane mormalazto:.Lthe rzbraking-p surfacerrof: said idlflll'll}. a :pair :.ofanchorsseats: formed .ontftherperipheralsidexedges roof-(said :spider:membenheftween asaidasplates; =a tpair iof oppositely arrangeditrshfllilefll indentations iormed 'inttheside zedges;of:-.eaehj:of;said; plater'meinbers,brakei.:shoeactuiatingzmotorsrmounteduimthe..lreshaped seatszofzsaidsplatenmembers, projections on esaid zmotors ec'onnected'tosaidmlate membersand said;spider. :movable rplungerztmembers adapted;:to ;be.:aotu- :atlede ibyssaid motors. havingjthrust, transmitting-;por.tions arranged to extend .in axplaneilocated betweenmndzparalleltozsaid ;platemembers; a pair oisoppositelynrranged brakeshoeseach-havsing a'izflangesportioneadaptedito be frictionally zenga'ged-.with;;the=.:braking surfaceiof said zdrum rand axweb 13011111011extending :normal :to ,andecenctreilly :of ;-.the -width ztoft' ;said.flange. portion,. .said

web pertionzproieotingr betweencand embraced-by zsaidiplatemembersforsguided movement relative :theretonmeans nonnecting a web'portionzofeach rslroe :to 1a.: plunger; member thrust transmitting portion, :a:pairhof; links positioned ibetweenzand guidingly embraced :lby saidplate membersaeach link :having. one i end- ;pivotal1y connected tuu-the eedge of' the web .portionzof .a brake shoep-the" edge of the,otherend ofepeach :ofsaid -1inks:bein g=pivtotally, connected to ananchor seat, --resi1ient means "positioned :between said :plates andcon- .nected abetweentsaid ,spidermember and xan edge .oi-each ofsaidshoe Web DOrtionsadapted to urge said shoes tovretracted positions, (andplate means frictionally embracing the side surfacesjof-said shoe .web.portionsand said links .torestrain'and guide. relative pivotal movementvbetween the shoes and links.

1l..In a brake. ,assembly, ..a rotatable. brake drum. having-an,.-axial1y-. extending braking surface, a support, aspiderimembereonnected to said support, a pair of spacedapart, parallelplate members projecting" from jthe-periphery of ;saidspider member andarranged to-extend in a plane-normalto-the braking surface of-said drum,a-=pair -of anchor-seats --formed'--on--the side wedges -Of-Sa id spidermember between-said plates, *apairof oppositely'arranged'indentationsformed inetheside edges "of" each 'of-said plate -members,brake-shoe actuating motors-mounted in the indentations of said platemembers; projections' on said motors connected-to said' plate members'and said spider, movableplunger -membersadapted to be actuatedeby saidmotors-=havingportions 'rarranged: to extend in a planedocated betweenof "oppositely arranged -brake Shoeseach-havinga 119.112'8: portionadaptec'i to be :f-rietionally engaged :with ".the braking surface of'said drum and a single vvebportion extending normal" to and disr adaptedto -urge said. shoes. to retracted: positions, 370 posedeentrally.:ofrthe: width of said--fiange 'porlandfplatemeans friotionally,engagedqbetweenlthe lsideisurfaces of said vshoe -web sportions and:said links to restrain and guide relativepivotalimove- ,ment betweenthe. shoes and-links andzadjustable --tion;2-porti0ns. oftsaid webprojeotingbetween-said iplatezmembersz-andz embraced thereby for g'uidedxmovementerelative:thereto;means-connecting a :web portion: ofreach'aS1106;to'rathesrsaidq130111710115 3 f 'means mounted rbetween :saidguide plates "a'iplnn rzmember,:aqzaimof linksspositiolidib tween andembraced by said plate members, each link having one end pivotally,connected to the web portion of a brake shoe, the other end of each ofsaid links being pivotally connected to an anchor seat.

12. In a brake assembly, a rotatable brake drum having an axiallyextending braking surface, a support, a spider member detachablyconnected to said support, a pair of spaced-apart, parallel, platemembers projecting from the periphery of portions of said spider memberand arranged to extend in a plane normal to the braking surface of saiddrum, a pair of link anchor seats formed on the side edges of saidspider members between said plates, a pair of indentations formed in theside edges of each of said plate members, brake shoe actuating motorsmounted in the indentations in said plate members, projections on saidmotors connected to said plate members and said spider, movable plungermembers adapted to be actuated by said motors having thrust transmittingportions arranged to extend in a plane located between and parallel tosaid plate members, a pair of oppositely arranged brake shoes eachhaving a flange portion adapted to be frictionally engaged with thebraking surface of said drum and a web portion extending normal to anddisposed centrally of the width of said flange portion and havingportions projecting between and embraced by said plate members forguided movement relative thereto,

means connecting a web portion of each shoe to a plunger member thrusttransmitting portion, a pair of links positioned between and guidingly Ianchor seat, resilient means positioned between said plates andconnected between said spider member and an edge of each of said shoeweb portions adapted to urge said shoes to retracted positions, andplate means frictionally embracing the side surfaces of said shoe webportions and said links to restrain relative pivotal movement betweenthe shoes and links, and cam means mounted on and arranged to extendbetween said plate members having portions adapted to be engaged withthe edges of the shoe web portions to limit the clearance between saidshoes and said drum.

ROBERT F. SMITH.

.REFERENCES CITED 1 The following references are of record in the fileof this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 1 Name Date 1,832,135 Oliver Nov. 17, 19311,886,811 Huck Nov. 8, 1932 2,026,401 Rockwell Dec. 31, 1935 2,034,088Condon Mar. 17, 1936 2,082,229 Stoner June 1, 1937 2,136,194 MajneriNov. 8, 1938 2,287,261 McColgan June 23, 1942 2,365,715 Mattersdorf Dec.2 1944 2,366,111 Jacobi Dec. 26, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number CountryDate 357,367 Great Britain Sept. 24, 1931 574,103

Great Britain Dec. 20, 1945 i

